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Carbon		0.07 max
Chromium		19 - 21
Copper		3 - 4
Iron		Balance
Manganese		2 max
Molybdenum		2 - 3
Nickel		32 - 38
Phosphorus		0.045 max
Silicon		1 max
Sulphur		0.035 max

Principal Design Features		This alloy is a columbium stabilized material that combines excellent corrosion resistance with elevated mechanical properties and relatively easy fabrication. It particularly excels in resisting corrosion to hot sulfuric acids when compared to conventional stainless steels such as 316.

Applications		Good availability at both the mill and distributor levels have made this a popular choice for a wide variety of applications. Included among these are: equipment for the manufacture of synthetic rubber, plastics, organic and heavy chemicals, pharmaceuticals, solvents and explosives, petroleum products, etc. Also employed in heat exchangers, mixing tanks, metal cleaning and pickling equipment and process piping.

Machinability		Superior finishes may be obtained using set-up and process speeds and feeds normally employed in austenitic stainless steels such as 316 and 317. Slow speeds and heavy, constant feeds are the rules in working this alloy.

Forming		To obtain maximum ductility, heat material to 2100 F(1149 C). Understand, however, that this process will adversely affect the stability of the material. Without this process, the material can be satisfactorily formed albeit with a high work hardening rate.

Welding		Most commonly used welding methods with the exception of oxyacetylene welding have been successfully employed with this alloy. The presence of columbium tends to minimize the precipitation of carbides in the heat affected zone, so the material may, in most cases , be used in the "as welded" condition. Pre-heating is not required.

Forging		Soak thoroughly at 2100-2250 F(1149-1232 C). Re-heat when temperature drops below 1800 F(982 C). After forging, reheat and soak completely at 1725-1850 F(941-1010 C) and quench rapidly in water or oil.

Hot Working		This alloy can be successfully hot formed using forces similar to those required by austenitic stainless steels.

Cold Working		This alloy can be successfully cold formed using all common practices. Its elevated strength may require higher forming pressures.

Annealing		Soak thoroughly at 1725-1850 F(941-1010 C), water quench.

Hardening		This material may only be hardened by cold work.

Physical Data : [top]

Density (lb / cu. in.)	0.292
Specific Gravity	8.055
Specific Heat (Btu/lb/Deg F - [32-212 Deg F])	0.12
Electrical Resistivity (microhm-cm (at 68 Deg F))	651
Poissons Ratio	0.31
Magnetic Permeability	1.002
Modulus of Elasticity Tension	28

MSO currently has no data available for this grade.